Preamble: this is intended as a pure fantasy fake speculation .
Then the author discharges  all responsibility about the contents accuracy or validity of these documents and related graphics.

WARNING: THIS TECHNIQUE AND IDEAS HERE DESCRIBED ACTUALLY DO NOT WORK, IF SOMEONE WHO WOULD TEST SOMETHING HE WILL DO IT UNDER HIS FULL RESPONSIBILITY.

The space properties

In this other article (click to read in a new window) I made some considerations  by analogy with the sound propagation by the air (or water), to check if we can think about a similar effects in regard of magnetic and electric fields to cause gravitational waves in the space-time continuum as made possible by the space-time properties.
In other words this is the point: is it possible to generate magnetic and electric fields strong enough to function against vacuum, as solid surfaces do in air or water?

 

 

What is the gravity? Is it a field of force due to the  "curvature of space-time" or what?

We can verify that masses attract eachother, alto we still do not know why the matter causes the space deformation. The gravity is then a property of the matter, although we do not know exactly the root of why and how this happens. 

If it's true all what said In this other article we should conclude also that the continuum space-time and the matter with their own properties cannot exist separately from each other 

 

 

THE GRAVITATIONAL ONE AND OTHER FORCES

Now, we did dare - without responsibility - to make some hypotheses and perform some mathematical operations (see in appendix A) to compare the gravity forces with the others.

THE CONCLUSION IS  that using magnetic materials with very high permeability one might be able to produce strongest magnetic fields , which may interfere with the gravitational field.

NOTE ABOUT GRAVITY

THE GRAVITY FORCE IS CALLED ‘A WEAK FORCE’ BECAUSE IT’S WEAKEST IF COMPARED TO THOSE GENERABLE BY MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC FIELDS INTERACTIONS.  IN OTHER WORDS THE INTERACTION BETWEEN GRAVITY AND OTHER FIELDS SHOULD BE VERIFIED ONLY WHEN THE INVOLVED MASSES ARE GREATEST  OR THE OTHER FIELDS INTENSITY IS STRONGEST

IS A MAGNETIC PROPELLER POSSIBLE?

Taking for granted that

• the vacuum is a space-time ‘continuum’,
• the vacuum has some measurable properties that are at least those that we currently know
• the matter has the properties of ‘deforming’ the space-time continuum with its presence
• the vacuum can interact with the matter and consequentially it can interact too with electromagnetic, electric and magnetic fields

The magnetic units of measurement have been fixed (see Appendix A)

• magnetic field  quantity   B  or also magnetic flux density or magnetic induction
  The old magnetic flux unit is  Weber  (now is measured in Tesla)
• Tesla = Webers per meter squared
• magnetic field strength  quantity is H  where H = Bo/μo  
  H = B/μo - M is measured in ampere/meter.
  B = μo(H + M)  where μo is the magnetic permeability of space
• M is the magnetisation of the material itself (H and M will have the same units )

Let's see here the values of some materials that cannot be used to the scope because the lower values of magnetic permability. But the superconductors.

Some Materials:		Permeability μ [H/m]	Relative Permeability μ/μ0		Electric Permittivity
Vacuum		4π × 10−7 (μ0)		1	1	* 103
Low permeability materials	Aluminium	1.2566650 × 10−6		1.000022
	Copper	1.2566290 × 10−6		0.999994
	Water	1.2566270×10−6		0.999992	81,07	15
	Air	1.2566375 × 10−6		1.00000037	1,006	3
	Superconductor	0		0	∞	0

To get a sufficient magnetic flux to produce possible variations of the gravitational field it can only be obtained with materials with very high magnetic permeability. such as follows

Material	Permeability μ [H/m]	Relative Permeability μ/μ0	B	Maximum frequency
Metglas	1.25	1000000[10]	0.5 T	100 kHz
Nanoperm	1 × 10−2	80000[11]	0.5 T	10 kHz
Mu-metal	2.5 × 10−2	20000[12]	0.002 T
Mu-metal		50000[13]
Permalloy	1.0 × 10−2	8000[12]	0.002 T
Ferrite (manganese, zinc)	> 8.0 × 10−4	640 (or more)		100 kHz ~ 1 MHz

Is it  possible to think about these properties to imagine a device that can shape this continuum to move a mass of matter into it?  It is, to create artificially depression in the space-time where a mass could fall into? Could we use some properties of the matter to generate this effects?

 

Features

A rough materials list which could be used are

Part	Material
Magnetic material	Magnetic alloy with maximum permeability  possible. See upward the table of magnetic materials. With this material we can make the inductor ring incorporated around the coil material
Superconductor coil material and main features	resistivity near 0 - thick pipe with inside cooled by liquid nitrogen flow current outside generator coil by such to generate pulsating current in the superconductor coil with resonance in one direction. The current direction can be changed, both short time to avoid damaging  resonance effects or to reverse the device  thrust. Current regulation the current measure by the same uppersaid coil r Balancing Lorentz forces. The superconductor coil is drowned in a multilayer glass insulation block, with good mechanical resistance and quite good resistivity at very low temperatures.

WARNING: THIS TECHNIQUE AND IDEAS AND THE DEVICE HERE DESCRIBED ACTUALLY DO NOT WORK, IF SOMEONE WHO WOULD TEST SOMETHING HE WILL DO IT UNDER HIS FULL RESPONSIBILITY.

A magnetic coupling - the under rectangle in blue - is made by inserting a layer of non-magnetic material of small thickness so that the magnetic flux in the gap between two poles is very intense:
Below we give an example of how could consist the shape of creating a closed loop of magnetic material interrupted by a separation surface in a plane perpendicular to the magnetic flux. Discharging  responsibility for the accuracy or validity of the contents of the documents and related graphics  here i give  an idea of what could be a schema of the 'magnetic propeller'

Where there are according the colors

Thin magnetic blade				HP Alloy Thick  0,01mm
Solid thin spacer				Ceramic Thick 0.01 mm
HP Electromagnet				Magnetic generator (compound)

We should have the following magnetic dipoles N (north) and S (south) schema

S N    N S   S N       N S                 | ---- 0,05mm -----|     Fig. 5	Magnetic vector <----------- ^   ! <----------- rot.  speed
or also
S      S   S N       N S                 | ---- 0,03mm -----|     Fig 6
In case of the figure 6 the chrystals strata should form a serie of facing dipoles  SN<->NS and the field intensity should be maximum. Clearly we could also avoid to insert the metal blade (blue) and use the same inductors. In this case the separation forces will discharge over the inductors. In the actual schema the major forces are acting inside the metal blades.   Figure 8 (fake idea?) In this figure we can think how probably the magnetic dipoles into a very thin magnetic material blade will let 'free' zone, when if there's something such like strange particles perhaps they could be pulled out, then changing the material properties against space. The forces that serve to keep the whole device components together will be obviously as bigger as the magnetic poles are closer and the container should be built with non magnetic material. The assembly  should rotate in a plan perpendicular to the blade mayor axis . This rotation could be obtained with a fixed ring structure of many magnetic elements and varying the pulses alternatively around the ring.

 

More ideas

Main difficulties to be checked when someone should make a research

In theory the saturation of the alloy used to bring the electromagnetic field may be obtained with normal windings, at most cooling the complex at not very low temperature, such that the windings insulation does not drop to critical values.

In this case the assembly would not be too complex to be built up in the case of Figure 5 or 6, such that one could test if some minimum result can be obtained and if it's possible to make precise theoretical hypotheses useful to go further in the project   An engineer could draw out some feasible solutions of this first elementary apparatus..

If one would test that the apparatus can work, the project could start with an aimed research. I have a rough idea of how that less complex device could be built up.   The device schematically shown in figure 5 is the less difficult to build, using electromagnets with hight permeability and could be used to check whether there is actually a boost, alto very weak.

I can see some difficulties as follows:

• to find and get the thinnest high permeability alloy plates
• to shape and assemble magnets and windings into aluminum shell, apt to resist to magnetic force and those of the rotating device without breaking it at high speed and fields
•  to get the set of instruments for the measurement of parameters, the control of the magnetizing current, the temperature, and the speed of rotation. The less easy should be to build instrumentation with load cells to measure the existence of the resultant weak force. In fact it would have a certain cost not negligible.
• To build a vacuum device in which the whole assembly should be moving, where the temperature should be controlled .
  

This research would take a team of researchers and a significant investment to build this first simple machine, and that the needed time would not be short. I think that this can not be of the DIY type

Taking a cue from the theory of gravitons - some think to be 'gravitons' the unknown particles which give gravitational properties to matter - and from an experience of a Russian researcher another solution can be hypothesized. The researcher, an expert in materials, tried to generate a gravitational thrust, but it is not clear if he did it

1. by rotating a ceramic disk inside an electric field;
2. by rotating the electric field through a ceramic disc;
3. both

One could think that the same could be made better by an Xrays flux, that carry a higher considerable energy amount.

I should prefer a device with rotating magnetic fields generated from a certain number of inductor elements such as in fig 5 or fig 6, because the effect of intense magnetic field should be greater then one of the electric field.

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			rotation axis and inductors magnetic field orientation
	rotating ceramic disk
			Figure 7
	cooled  Fixed electromagnetic coils generating rotating magnetic fields

The magnetic fileds should rotate as in asincronous motors, but with higher speed. OR the ceramic disc should rotate, OR (very difficult) both should rotate in opposite verses. Higher magnetic fields should be obtained in coolest environment, if its possible to find how to govern the Lorentz forces and the coils insulation .

Another device shape could be this one that should instead copy the solution of fig 6 - of course the number of sectors  could be fixed according the solution choosen for magnetic coils (cooled, not cooled, fews spires or many spires and so on.

Figure  8
		Outside ring -  force containment ring
		Electromagnetic coils containers
		Magnetic material blades compound
		Inside rings
		Service beams for cooling mean and energy feeding with

Here the device or the magnetic fields could rotate: The electomagnetic colis could be shaped of few spirals as in that case that the current flow should be highest. In case of rotating fields the frequency could be high, say ab 1 MHz.

Of course the constructive problems would be considerable and the project in my view is complex and would require more technical skills working together.

WARNING: THIS TECHNIQUE AND IDEAS AND THE DEVICE HERE DESCRIBED ACTUALLY DO NOT WORK, IF SOMEONE WHO WOULD TEST SOMETHING HE WILL DO IT UNDER HIS FULL RESPONSIBILITY.

 

 

By Lino Bertuzzi - March 2017  REV 2: Sept .2018