PHILOSOPHY: introduction and objectives
Our purpose here is not to know history of philosophy, but try to think ourselves of philosophy also if maybe we are ignorant (I speak about me) . We collect various topics here concerning philosophy, that we would like to get from you and publish. Philosophy is called 'truth knowledge', because the theoretical philosophy purpose th e truth, while the practical philosophy purpose work (ergon). Actually the practical philosophers, investigating how things exist, do not consider the cause itself but in relation to something and now (Aristoteles).
the Metaphysics philosophy
The word 'Metaphysics' comes from ancient greek μετά ( metá, 'beyond', 'upon', or 'after') and φυσικά ( Physika, 'phisics'). The adequacy of it's definition 'science of world beyond nature' is out of doubt, because 'physis' in greek means 'visible objects'. So this is a branch of philosophy that studies fundamental questions about existence of things that you ink existing, but you cannot see. Critics of Latin civilization say that's an error. They are basing upon the ancient Publisher Andronicus of Rhodes, which would put 'Metaphysics' after another opera, 'Physics'. Due to that he had called μετα τα φυσικα βιβλία (ta meta ta Physika biblia ) or 'books put - upon the shelf - just after the phisics books'
Political Philosophy
Branch of philosophy that studies government, politics, freedom, justice, ownership of property, rights of authority to enforce laws. Object of studying are the essence of laws, and because they are necessary; duties and obligations of a legitimate government; rights and freedoms that should be protected, which form must have and why; obligations of citizens to the state, and when disobedience is permissible. In common sense, the term refers to a general framework, or ethics, or a belief, or specific attitude on politics, not necessarily linked to the philosophy's technique.
Philosophy of Ethics
Philosophy of ethics is a branch of philosophy that involves defense, definition, and systematization of behavioral concepts of right, wrong and indifferent; so often it faces controversies of moral diversity. The philosophical ethics investigates what is the best way of life for human beings, and what types of actions are right or wrong in particular circumstances. Ethics can be divided into four main areas of study: law, applied, descriptive, and meta-ethics..
Philosophy of physics
The methods of the philosophy of physics should not be confused with physical science. Science (επιστήμη in greek) is always a judgment on verifiable facts supported by reason (λόγος), while physics philosophy is concerned with the following topics:
• nature of scientific theories and their relationship with the physical world (as the theories explain the world phenomena).
• basis of evidence of the theories.
• As the proof of a theory can legitimately be used to support or discourage th belief in a hypothesis.
Philosophy of aesetics
the philosophy of aesthetics is a branch of philosophy that studies and investigates:
• artistic expressions and their qualities, to define good and bad, fine and ugly. Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten (1758) uses the word 'aesthetic' to mean "science of beauty, the study of the art essence and its relationship with beauty and other added values";
• origin of pure feeling and its manifestations that are Art. You could even say that aesthetic philosophy is a science whose primary purpose is reflection on Art problems.